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File Loader

Instructs webpack to emit the required object as file and to return its public URL

Install

npm install --save-dev file-loader

Usage

By default the filename of the resulting file is the MD5 hash of the file's contents with the original extension of the required resource.

import img from './file.png'

webpack.config.js

module.exports = {
  module: {
    rules: [
      {
        test: /\.(png|jpg|gif)$/,
        use: [
          {
            loader: 'file-loader',
            options: {}  
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}

Emits file.png as file in the output directory and returns the public URL

"/public/path/0dcbbaa7013869e351f.png"

Options

Name Type Default Description
name `{String\ Function}` [hash].[ext]
regExp {RegExp} 'undefined' Let you extract some parts of the file path to reuse them in the name property
context {String} this.options.context Configure a custom file context, defaults to webpack.config.js context
publicPath `{String\ Function}` __webpack_public_path__
outputPath `{String\ Function}` 'undefined'
useRelativePath {Boolean} false Should be true if you wish to generate a context relative URL for each file
emitFile {Boolean} true By default a file is emitted, however this can be disabled if required (e.g. for server side packages)

name

You can configure a custom filename template for your file using the query parameter name. For instance, to copy a file from your context directory into the output directory retaining the full directory structure, you might use

{String}

webpack.config.js

{
  loader: 'file-loader',
  options: {
    name: '[path][name].[ext]'
  }  
}

{Function}

webpack.config.js

{
  loader: 'file-loader',
  options: {
    name (file) {
      if (env === 'development') {
        return '[path][name].[ext]'
      }

      return '[hash].[ext]'
    }
  }  
}

regExp

Defines a regExp to match some parts of the file path. These capture groups can be reused in the name property using [N] placeholder. Note that [0] will be replaced by the entire tested string, whereas [1] will contain the first capturing parenthesis of your regex and so on...

import img from './customer01/file.png'

webpack.config.js

{
  loader: 'file-loader',
  options: {
    regExp: /\/([a-z0-9]+)\/[a-z0-9]+\.png$/,
    name: '[1]-[name].[ext]'
  }  
}
customer01-file.png

placeholders

Name Type Default Description
[ext] {String} file.extname The extension of the resource
[name] {String} file.basename The basename of the resource
[path] {String} file.dirname The path of the resource relative to the context
[hash] {String} md5 The hash of the content, hashes below for more info
[N] {String} `` The n-th match obtained from matching the current file name against the regExp

hashes

[<hashType>:hash:<digestType>:<length>] optionally you can configure

Name Type Default Description
hashType {String} md5 sha1, md5, sha256, sha512
digestType {String} hex hex, base26, base32, base36, base49, base52, base58, base62, base64
length {Number} 9999 The length in chars

By default, the path and name you specify will output the file in that same directory and will also use that same URL path to access the file.

context

webpack.config.js

{
  loader: 'file-loader',
  options: {
    name: '[path][name].[ext]',
    context: ''
  }  
}

You can specify custom output and public paths by using outputPath, publicPath and useRelativePath

publicPath

webpack.config.js

{
  loader: 'file-loader',
  options: {
    name: '[path][name].[ext]',
    publicPath: 'assets/'
  }  
}

outputPath

webpack.config.js

{
  loader: 'file-loader',
  options: {
    name: '[path][name].[ext]',
    outputPath: 'images/'
  }  
}

useRelativePath

useRelativePath should be true if you wish to generate a relative URL to the for each file context.

{
  loader: 'file-loader',
  options: {
    useRelativePath: process.env.NODE_ENV === "production"
  }
}

emitFile

By default a file is emitted, however this can be disabled if required (e.g. for server side packages).

import img from './file.png'
{
  loader: 'file-loader',
  options: {
    emitFile: false
  }  
}

️ Returns the public URL but does not emit a file

`${publicPath}/0dcbbaa701328e351f.png`

Examples

import png from 'image.png'

webpack.config.js

{
  loader: 'file-loader',
  options: {
    name: 'dirname/[hash].[ext]'
  }  
}
dirname/0dcbbaa701328ae351f.png

webpack.config.js

{
  loader: 'file-loader',
  options: {
    name: '[sha512:hash:base64:7].[ext]'
  }  
}
gdyb21L.png
import png from 'path/to/file.png'

webpack.config.js

{
  loader: 'file-loader',
  options: {
    name: '[path][name].[ext]?[hash]'
  }  
}
path/to/file.png?e43b20c069c4a01867c31e98cbce33c9

Maintainers

Juho Vepsäläinen Joshua Wiens Michael Ciniawsky Alexander Krasnoyarov