40-zabbix.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Contents:</span></p>
<ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="10-summary.html">1. 概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="20-ansible.html">2. ansible集群管理工具</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="30-elk.html">3. elk日志系统</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">4. zabbix监测系统</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#id1">4.1. 服务端安装</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#docker">4.1.1. 使用docker安装/运行方式（建议使用此方式）</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#id2">4.1.1.1. 镜像加载</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#postgres">4.1.1.2. postgres数据库客户端安装</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#id3">4.1.1.3. 运行docker，创建数据库</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#id4">4.1.2. 本地安装/运行方式（坑多）</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#id7">4.2. 节点端安装</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#id8">4.2.1. 主节点安装</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#id9">4.2.2. 子节点安装</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#web">4.2.3. 进入web配置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#host">4.2.4. 使用脚本添加host</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#id10">4.3. 手动配置(前面安装章节已包含自动化配置，没有特殊需求可略过本章节)</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#zabbix-agent">4.3.1. zabbix_agent配置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#zabbix-proxy">4.3.2. zabbix_proxy配置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#zabbix-server">4.3.3. zabbix_server配置</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#id11">4.4. 使用</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#quick-start">4.4.1. quick start</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#id12">4.4.2. 模板</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#id13">4.5. 自定义监测项</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#id14">4.5.1. 繁星增加自定义监测项典型流程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#vproc">4.5.2. vproc</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#id15">4.6. 自定义监测项列表</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#vaserver">4.6.1. VAServer</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#item">4.7. 动态item</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#id16">4.7.1. 概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#id19">4.7.2. 操作教程</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#id20">4.7.2.1. web上的配置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#id21">4.7.2.2. 设备上配置文件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#id22">4.7.2.3. 运作流程简述</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#id23">4.8. 监控docker</a></li>
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<div class="section" id="zabbix">
<h1>4. zabbix监测系统<a class="headerlink" href="#zabbix" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="section" id="id1">
<h2>4.1. 服务端安装<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<div class="section" id="docker">
<h3>4.1.1. 使用docker安装/运行方式（建议使用此方式）<a class="headerlink" href="#docker" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>离线安装包: <a class="reference external" href="smb://192.168.9.1">smb://192.168.9.1</a>/公共模块/繁星/繁星二代/自检系统/zabbix_docker .</p>
<div class="section" id="id2">
<h4>4.1.1.1. 镜像加载<a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
<p>有docker离线包zabbix_docker，拷贝到有docker的主机上，加载镜像:</p>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>docker load < postgres9.6.docker.images
<span class="c1"># 屏幕会返回镜像的id，假设是：id-1</span>
<span class="c1"># 给镜像命名</span>
docker tag id-1 postgres:9.6
<span class="c1"># 下面两个镜像不需要命名，如果load后运行docker images 发现名字和版本都是none，则手动命名</span>
docker load < zabbix-server-pgsql.docker.images
<span class="c1"># docker tag id-2 zabbix/zabbix-server-pgsql:ubuntu-3.4.13</span>
docker load < zabbix-web-nginx-pgsql.docker.images
<span class="c1"># docker tag id-3 zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-pgsql:ubuntu-3.4.13</span>
<span class="c1"># 加载完毕，docker images应该能显示</span>
root@user-ubuntu:~/zabbix_docker# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-pgsql ubuntu-3.4.13 bf422197fafe <span class="m">4</span> weeks ago <span class="m">254</span> MB
zabbix/zabbix-server-pgsql ubuntu-3.4.13 af4434f6332b <span class="m">4</span> weeks ago <span class="m">224</span> MB
postgres <span class="m">9</span>.6 4023a747a01a <span class="m">20</span> months ago <span class="m">265</span> MB
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="postgres">
<h4>4.1.1.2. postgres数据库客户端安装<a class="headerlink" href="#postgres" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
<p>离线包里有libpq5_9.5.23-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb postgresql-client-9.5_9.5.23-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb</p>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>dpkg -i ./*.deb
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id3">
<h4>4.1.1.3. 运行docker，创建数据库<a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id4">
<h3>4.1.2. 本地安装/运行方式（坑多）<a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p><a href="#id5"><span class="problematic" id="id6">**</span></a>此方法不同的机器上可能遇到不同的问题，下面的说明只能作为参考。 **</p>
<p>我用网上说的apt-get方式装，无法成功。web界面使用不正常，所以采用源码方式装。zabbix-3.4.13.tar.gz</p>
<p>环境依赖安装按照以下步骤：
<a class="reference external" href="https://blog.csdn.net/yannanxiu/article/details/54924198">https://blog.csdn.net/yannanxiu/article/details/54924198</a></p>
<p>zabbix-proxy zabbix-server zabbix-front-php 用源码安装，参考：
<a class="reference external" href="https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/3.4/zh/manual/installation/install">https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/3.4/zh/manual/installation/install</a></p>
<p>数据库安装，建立zabbix用户，建立zabbix数据库，运行zabbix-3.4.13/database/postgresql/中的3个脚本。命令行：</p>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>su postgres
createdb zabbix
createuser -SDRP zabbix
su root
cat ./zabbix-3.4.13/zabbix-3.4.13/database/postgresql/<span class="o">{</span>schema,images,data<span class="o">}</span>.sql.gz <span class="p">|</span> psql -h <span class="m">127</span>.0.0.1 zabbix postgres
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>或者带界面的postgres客户端做也行。自行选择</p>
<p>zabbix-fornt(web界面)</p>
<p># 从源码拷贝到apache2
sudo cp -r zabbix-3.4.13/frontends/php/ /var/www/html/zabbix</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>zabbix_sender报错</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>root@tegra-ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# zabbix_sender -s <span class="s2">"192.168.5.198"</span> -z <span class="s2">"192.168.5.133"</span> -k <span class="s2">"keytrtest"</span> -o <span class="s2">"1133"</span>
info from server: <span class="s2">"processed: 0; failed: 1; total: 1; seconds spent: 0.000026"</span>
这里failed: 1说明失败了。
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>注意看item的type必须是Zabbix trapper</p>
<p>server主动获取，在zabbix_agent.conf增加的item的type是Zabbix trapper</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id7">
<h2>4.2. 节点端安装<a class="headerlink" href="#id7" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>离线安装包: <a class="reference external" href="smb://192.168.9.1">smb://192.168.9.1</a>/公共模块/繁星/繁星二代/自检系统/tx1_离线包/watchmen_tx1.tar.gz</p>
<div class="section" id="id8">
<h3>4.2.1. 主节点安装<a class="headerlink" href="#id8" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>tar zxvf watchmen_tx1.tar.gz
<span class="nb">cd</span> watchmen_tx1
./watchmen_install_tx1.sh master
<span class="c1"># --server_ip平台ip。 --zabbix_proxy_name代理名称，必须和web上创建的一致</span>
./watchmen_config_tx1.sh --server_ip<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">192</span>.168.9.62 --zabbix_proxy_name<span class="o">=</span>190master
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id9">
<h3>4.2.2. 子节点安装<a class="headerlink" href="#id9" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>确保主节点已安装了ansible</p>
<p>假如当前主节点管理的子节点组命名tx2</p>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>ansible -b tx2 -m copy -a <span class="s2">"src=watchmen_tx1.tar.gz dest=/root/UserApp/"</span>
ansible -b tx2 -m raw -a <span class="s2">"cd /root/UserApp/; tar zxvf watchmen_tx1.tar.gz; cd watchmen_tx1; ./watchmen_install_tx1.sh slave"</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="web">
<h3>4.2.3. 进入web配置<a class="headerlink" href="#web" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>导入模版（参考使用章节）</li>
<li>添加代理（参考使用章节）</li>
</ol>
<p>每个主节点都需要添加代理</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="host">
<h3>4.2.4. 使用脚本添加host<a class="headerlink" href="#host" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># --baseurl zabbix web地址</span>
<span class="c1"># --ipstart 批量ip开始</span>
<span class="c1"># --ipsend 批量ip结束</span>
<span class="c1"># --hostgroup 在zabbix创建的group名。如果没有特殊要求填写starnet_tx1_slave_group</span>
<span class="c1"># --proxyname 代理名称，必须和web添加的代理名一致</span>
<span class="c1"># --template1模版名，监控项都在模版里</span>
<span class="c1"># 下面的命令会添加192.168.8.2/3/4/5/6 五个子节点</span>
python2 zabbix_addhost.py --baseurl<span class="o">=</span>http://192.168.9.62:9210 --ipstart<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">192</span>.168.8.2 --ipend<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">192</span>.168.8.6 --hostgroup<span class="o">=</span>starnet_tx1_slave_group --proxyname<span class="o">=</span>190master --template1<span class="o">=</span>starnet_tx1_slave_tp
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id10">
<h2>4.3. 手动配置(前面安装章节已包含自动化配置，没有特殊需求可略过本章节)<a class="headerlink" href="#id10" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<div class="section" id="zabbix-agent">
<h3>4.3.1. zabbix_agent配置<a class="headerlink" href="#zabbix-agent" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p><strong>需要在系统配置开机启动</strong></p>
<p>zabbix_agentd安装包是在tx1上编译的。zabbix_agent_proxy_tx1的install.sh会将配置文件拷贝到
/usr/local/etc/zabbix_agent.conf</p>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># 填写主节点ip</span>
<span class="nv">Server</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">192</span>.168.5.177
<span class="nv">ServerActive</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">192</span>.168.5.177
<span class="c1"># 主节点运行的是proxy，在默认情况下这样填写</span>
<span class="nv">Hostname</span><span class="o">=</span>Zabbix proxy
<span class="nv">AllowRoot</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>修改完重启进程</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="zabbix-proxy">
<h3>4.3.2. zabbix_proxy配置<a class="headerlink" href="#zabbix-proxy" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p><strong>需要在系统配置开机启动</strong></p>
<p>zabbix_proxy安装包是在tx1上编译的。zabbix_agent_proxy_tx1的install.sh会将配置文件拷贝到
/usr/local/etc/zabbix_proxy.conf</p>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># zabbix_server主机ip</span>
<span class="nv">Server</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">192</span>.168.9.133
<span class="c1"># 需和zabbix_agent配置的Hostname对应</span>
<span class="nv">Hostname</span><span class="o">=</span>Zabbix proxy
<span class="c1"># zabbix_proxy数据库目录，如果是使用install.sh脚本安装的，会放在/root/UserApp下。</span>
<span class="nv">DBName</span><span class="o">=</span>/root/UserApp/zabbix_proxy.db
<span class="c1"># 多长间隔从zabbix_server拉取配置（秒）</span>
<span class="nv">ConfigFrequency</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">120</span>
<span class="nv">AllowRoot</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="zabbix-server">
<h3>4.3.3. zabbix_server配置<a class="headerlink" href="#zabbix-server" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p><strong>需要在系统配置开机启动</strong></p>
<p>zabbix_server在docker运行，在每次启动容器的时候会将必要参数传入，zabbix_docker/dockerrun_zabbix.sh已写好，运行即可</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id11">
<h2>4.4. 使用<a class="headerlink" href="#id11" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>访问路径： <a class="reference external" href="http://ip:9210">http://ip:9210</a></p>
<p>第一次运行会有一些额外步骤，按照提示下一步即可</p>
<div class="section" id="quick-start">
<h3>4.4.1. quick start<a class="headerlink" href="#quick-start" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>添加proxy，注意Proxy name必须和 zabbix_proxy配置中的Hostname相同。其他配置默认即可。点add添加成功</p>
<img alt="_images/zabbix-01.png" src="_images/zabbix-01.png" />
<p>添加host，Configuration->Hosts->Create host</p>
<img alt="_images/zabbix-02.png" src="_images/zabbix-02.png" />
<p>红框都是需要填写修改的。Groups可以自己建，给设备分组。Monitored by proxy必须选择正确的proxy代理</p>
<img alt="_images/zabbix-03.png" src="_images/zabbix-03.png" />
<p>点Template配置模板，模板决定了有哪些监测项。select选择一个模板，模板后续我们会自己创建，这里先选择Template OS Linux，包含了很多linux的监测项
点小add后再点大add</p>
<img alt="_images/zabbix-04.png" src="_images/zabbix-04.png" />
<p>添加成功</p>
<p>Dashboard可以浏览状态、报警等，Edit dashboard可以自定义。比如Problems中提示我的主机掉线了。</p>
<img alt="_images/zabbix-05.png" src="_images/zabbix-05.png" />
<p>如果想有目的的查询监测项状态，可以打开Monitoring->Lastest data。可以在过滤条件选择感兴趣的主机和检测项组
可以看到最后的值，可以点Graph看数值历史折线图。</p>
<img alt="_images/zabbix-06.png" src="_images/zabbix-06.png" />
<img alt="_images/zabbix-07.png" src="_images/zabbix-07.png" />
<p>这是最基本的使用，后续添加如何自定义监测项，利用api批量添加主机、动态管理监测项等功能。</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id12">
<h3>4.4.2. 模板<a class="headerlink" href="#id12" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>繁星2代模板已放在sdv上 <a class="reference external" href="smb://192.168.9.1">smb://192.168.9.1</a>/公共模块/繁星/繁星二代/自检系统/zabbix_template</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id13">
<h2>4.5. 自定义监测项<a class="headerlink" href="#id13" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>zabbix的监测项有两种：</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>上报型</li>
</ol>
<p>zabbix item type选择 traper。需配合zabbix_sender使用</p>
<ol class="arabic simple" start="2">
<li>查询型</li>
</ol>
<p>zabbix item type选择 agent</p>
<p>如果没有特殊需求，均采用查询型，走vproc流程。</p>
<p>应用程序使用vproc将状态写到文件，zabbix_agentd用vproc查询各状态的值，采用这种方式的原因：</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>zabbix的交互压力可控，查询频率在web上配一下就好了。</li>
<li>应用程序写状态的操作与zabbix解耦。即使没有zabbix，我们在调试程序时也可以使用vproc，可以用命令行查询检测项的值。有助于调试</li>
</ul>
<p>vproc后面章节有详细介绍</p>
<div class="section" id="id14">
<h3>4.5.1. 繁星增加自定义监测项典型流程<a class="headerlink" href="#id14" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>细节可以自行百度“zabbix增加自定义item”</p>
<p>界面上操作可参考：<a class="reference external" href="https://blog.csdn.net/u012062455/article/details/53257059">https://blog.csdn.net/u012062455/article/details/53257059</a></p>
<p>zabbix_agentd端操作可参考：<a class="reference external" href="https://www.cnblogs.com/mingerlcm/p/7754076.html">https://www.cnblogs.com/mingerlcm/p/7754076.html</a></p>
<p>以繁星2代为例。假设我们要在slave模板中增加vaserver的“进程号”、“是否授权”两个监测项。</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>在zabbix web端增加检测项</li>
</ol>
<p>监测项是添加到模板中的，添加后所有使用该模板的主机均生效，修改starnet_tx1_slave_tp模板</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>点击Configuration->Template 。</li>
<li>点击starnet_tx1_slave_tp行的items。</li>
<li>点右上角的Create item</li>
<li>填写具体信息并保存</li>
</ul>
<ol class="arabic simple" start="2">
<li>在zabbix_agentd端配置</li>
</ol>
<ul class="simple">
<li>确保/usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf中有配置</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">UnsafeUserParameters</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span>
<span class="nv">Include</span><span class="o">=</span>/usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/*.conf
</pre></div>
</div>
<ul class="simple">
<li>在/usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/vaserver.conf增加命令行，如果没有可新建文件</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># UserParameter=后面是key值，必须跟web上配置的相同。逗号后面的是查询这个值所执行的指令。</span>
<span class="c1"># 进程号很简单，shell命令就能搞定</span>
<span class="nv">UserParameter</span><span class="o">=</span>vaserver.pid,pgrep VAServer
<span class="c1"># license状态是需要应用程序开发者写入到vproc系统中(/root/UserApp/vproc/vaserver/license文件内容)的。在这里用vproc工具进行查询。如果没查到，返回0</span>
<span class="nv">UserParameter</span><span class="o">=</span>vaserver.license,vproc <span class="nb">read</span> --key<span class="o">=</span>vaserver.license --value<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">0</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<ol class="arabic simple" start="3">
<li>重启zabbix_agentd。过一会在web上就能看到了。</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="section" id="vproc">
<h3>4.5.2. vproc<a class="headerlink" href="#vproc" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>vproc是python编写的工具</p>
<p>类似linux proc系统，应用程序调用vproc脚本将监测项状态值持续更新到指定文件中。外部可读取文件值，得知应用程序的运行情况。</p>
<p>vproc工具有5种用法。</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>写：</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># 此命令将创建文件 ROOT_VPROC/app/group1/group2/item，文件内容为value1</span>
./vproc write --key<span class="o">=</span>app.group1.gourp2.item --value<span class="o">=</span>value1
</pre></div>
</div>
<ul class="simple">
<li>读：</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># 将ROOT_VPROC/app/group1/group2/item文件内容打印出来</span>
./vproc <span class="nb">read</span> --key<span class="o">=</span>app.group1.gourp2.item
</pre></div>
</div>
<ul class="simple">
<li>重置：</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># 删除ROOT_VPROC/app/group1/目录。相当于重置状态值</span>
./vproc clean --path<span class="o">=</span>app.group1
</pre></div>
</div>
<ul class="simple">
<li>lld json功能:</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># 将path目录下第一级目录/文件名当做macro的value，生成json</span>
<span class="c1"># 假设有 app.group1.group2.item和app.group1.item1</span>
./vproc lld --path<span class="o">=</span>app.group1 --macro<span class="o">=</span>DY
<span class="c1"># 输出</span>
<span class="o">{</span><span class="s2">"data"</span>: <span class="o">[{</span><span class="s2">"{#DY}"</span>: <span class="s2">"group1"</span><span class="o">}</span>, <span class="o">{</span><span class="s2">"{#DY}"</span>: <span class="s2">"item1"</span><span class="o">}]}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>这个功能是配合zabbix的lld功能使用。详情见watchmen文档动态item章节</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>查看：</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># 类似top，每隔1秒刷新输出一次状态值。参数path可以是任意级别，输出的监测项是path下的所有监测项。</span>
./vproc watch --path<span class="o">=</span>app.group1
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>所有key值均采用 app.[group1.gourp2…groupn].item方式组织。末端item为文件，记录监测项的值，前面是多级目录。比如key值vaserver.va0.cameraname，记录状态值的文件为VPORC_ROOT/vaserver/va0/cameraname。</p>
<p>单个监测项更新状态频率不宜过快。建议间隔时间1分钟以上</p>
<p><strong>注意</strong>： 建议在程序（以及能代表一组的流程）启动时、关闭时重置状态，<strong>避免旧的状态值干扰</strong>。</p>
<p>vproc 典型使用流程，拿vaserver举例:</p>
<p>有vaserver.event_count（发出了多少事件） ; vaserver.va0.taskname（分析通道0的任务名称）; vaserver.va1.taskname</p>
<p>vaserver启动和退出时应调用</p>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># 清理旧状态</span>
./vproc clean --path<span class="o">=</span>vaserver
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>vaserver启动、关闭一个va时（假设是编号0）应调用</p>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># 清理旧状态</span>
./vproc clean --path<span class="o">=</span>vaserver.va0
<span class="c1"># 然后将任务信息状态更新</span>
./vproc write --key<span class="o">=</span>vaserver.va0.taskname --value<span class="o">=</span>taskname1
<span class="c1"># 其他状态值在恰当时更新</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id15">
<h2>4.6. 自定义监测项列表<a class="headerlink" href="#id15" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<div class="section" id="vaserver">
<h3>4.6.1. VAServer<a class="headerlink" href="#vaserver" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="41%" />
<col width="9%" />
<col width="51%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">key</th>
<th class="head">类型</th>
<th class="head">说明</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td>vaserver.va0.taskname</td>
<td>Text</td>
<td>任务名称</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>vaserver.va0.taskid</td>
<td>Text</td>
<td>任务id</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>vaserver.va0.cameraname</td>
<td>Text</td>
<td>相机名称</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>vaserver.va0.cameraid</td>
<td>Text</td>
<td>相机id</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>vaserver.va0.playok</td>
<td>int</td>
<td>是否点播成功，实际接收到流后再更新状态</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>vaserver.va0.sendresultcount</td>
<td>int</td>
<td>对外发送了多少条结果，1分钟更新一次</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>vaserver.va0.YUVfreq</td>
<td>int</td>
<td>YUV帧率</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>vaserver.va0.playfreq</td>
<td>int</td>
<td>调试流帧率</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>vaserver.va0.MediaDatafreq</td>
<td>int</td>
<td>输入码流帧率</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>vaserver.va0.personNumberAlarm</td>
<td>int</td>
<td>人流量结果数量</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>vaserver.va0.densityAlarm</td>
<td>int</td>
<td>密度结果数量</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>vaserver.va[1…n].xxx</td>
<td>同va0</td>
<td>同va0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>vaserver.license</td>
<td>int</td>
<td>授权状态，check license后更新</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>vaserver.some</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="item">
<h2>4.7. 动态item<a class="headerlink" href="#item" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<div class="section" id="id16">
<h3>4.7.1. 概述<a class="headerlink" href="#id16" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>动态item的官方说法叫做 Low-level discovery（LLD）</p>
<p>之前我们使用zabbix时需要手动、明确的添加一个个item，对于某些特殊需求，这种方式无法优雅的实现。比如我们想监测所有正在点播的摄像机状态，我们无法预知有多少摄像机，无法预知摄像机id从而定义key值，这时LLD功能派上用场。</p>
<p>参考资料:</p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/3.4/manual/discovery/low_level_discovery">官方文档</a></p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="http://www.zphj1987.com/2016/10/28/zabbix%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B/">zabbix实现自定义自动发现的流程</a></p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="http://blog.51cto.com/cuidehua/1766027">zabbix 自定义自动发现的key！ low level discovery</a></p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id19">
<h3>4.7.2. 操作教程<a class="headerlink" href="#id19" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>摄像机状态这个监控项有几个特点：</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>摄像机有多少不固定</li>
<li>摄像机是动态的，随时增减</li>
<li>每个设备点播的摄像机不同，能够监控的摄像机也就不同</li>
</ol>
<p>下面演示如何利用LLD功能满足摄像机状态的监控需求</p>
<div class="section" id="id20">
<h4>4.7.2.1. web上的配置<a class="headerlink" href="#id20" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
<p>打开zabbix web，点开模板配置，点击指定模板的Discovery，如图：</p>
<img alt="_images/zabbix-lld-01.png" src="_images/zabbix-lld-01.png" />
<p>此时进入了Discovery rules页面，点击右上角的Create discovery rule，填写相关内容：</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>key 拉取macro集合的key值</li>
<li>Update interval是每隔多少秒拉取一次</li>
<li>Custom intervals是设备上删除了动态items后，zabbix web上多少秒后删除。 最低时间3600秒</li>
</ul>
<img alt="_images/zabbix-lld-02.png" src="_images/zabbix-lld-02.png" />
<p>创建成功后，在Discovery rules多出一行，点 Item prototypes</p>
<img alt="_images/zabbix-lld-03.png" src="_images/zabbix-lld-03.png" />
<p>此时进入了Item prototypes页面，点击右上角的Create item prototype，参考图中填写，注意：</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>{#CAMERAID} 称之为宏macro，macro是动态items的关键，我们用macro处理 items key值中的变化项。macro可以是任何值，和设备上配置的对应上即可（后面会介绍）。</li>
<li>注意key的格式，中括号模式是带参数的key，中括号的值是参数,zabbix server向zabbix_agentd获取值时带参数。 设备上配置文件中会体现出作用。</li>
</ul>
<img alt="_images/zabbix-lld-04.png" src="_images/zabbix-lld-04.png" />
</div>
<div class="section" id="id21">
<h4>4.7.2.2. 设备上配置文件<a class="headerlink" href="#id21" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
<p>总结在zabbix web上的操作，我们创建了一个Discovery，在Discovery中创建了一个Item prototypes，涉及到两个key： cameras和cameras.fps[{#CAMERAID}]</p>
<p>在/usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/test.conf中增加两行</p>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">UserParameter</span><span class="o">=</span>cameras,vproc lld --path<span class="o">=</span>cameras --macro<span class="o">=</span>CAMERAID
<span class="nv">UserParameter</span><span class="o">=</span>cameras.fps<span class="o">[</span>*<span class="o">]</span>,vproc <span class="nb">read</span> --key<span class="o">=</span>cameras.<span class="nv">$1</span>.fps --value<span class="o">=</span>-1
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>第一行是发现items。vproc增加了lld功能，将–path下第一级的文件/目录名当做macro的赋值，返回zabbix定义的json串：</p>
<div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">{</span><span class="s2">"data"</span>: <span class="o">[{</span><span class="s2">"{#CAMERAID}"</span>: <span class="s2">"vax1"</span><span class="o">}</span>, <span class="o">{</span><span class="s2">"{#CAMERAID}"</span>: <span class="s2">"vax2"</span><span class="o">}</span>, <span class="o">{</span><span class="s2">"{#CAMERAID}"</span>: <span class="s2">"id2"</span><span class="o">}</span>, <span class="o">{</span><span class="s2">"{#CAMERAID}"</span>: <span class="s2">"id1"</span><span class="o">}]}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>在设备上写测试数据，几个摄像机状态</p>
<div class="highlight-language notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>vproc write --key=cameras.vax1.fps --value=25
vproc write --key=cameras.vax1.playok --value=0
vproc write --key=cameras.vax2.fps --value=25
vproc write --key=cameras.vax2.playok --value=0
vproc write --key=cameras.id2.fps --value=25
vproc write --key=cameras.id2.playok --value=1
vproc write --key=cameras.id1.fps --value=25
vproc write --key=cameras.id1.playok --value=1
# 此时[vproc_root]/cameras目录下有vax1,vax2,id1,id2目录。 所以vproc lld命令读取到4个相机id，组成json返回zabbix
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>第二行是获取指定相机的fps，相机id用参数传进来。 $1代表参数。也就是web设置key值cameras.fps[{#CAMERAID}]时中括号里的值。我们这里中括号是macro</p>
<p>重启zabbix_agentd后，过一会就能看到效果了</p>
<img alt="_images/zabbix-lld-05.png" src="_images/zabbix-lld-05.png" />
<p>192.168.88.3我只写了id1和id2。</p>
<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">vproc</span> <span class="n">write</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">cameras</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">id2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fps</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">25</span>
<span class="n">vproc</span> <span class="n">write</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">cameras</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">id2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">playok</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="n">vproc</span> <span class="n">write</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">cameras</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">id1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fps</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">25</span>
<span class="n">vproc</span> <span class="n">write</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">cameras</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">id1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">playok</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>所以比88.2少了 vax1、vax2的监测项。我们在设备上继续添加其他其他摄像机状态，在web上会自动创建监测项。 设备上删除摄像机后，1小时后，web上会删除对应的监测项。</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id22">
<h4>4.7.2.3. 运作流程简述<a class="headerlink" href="#id22" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
<ul class="simple">
<li>创建Discovery后，zabbix server会每隔n秒，向设备拉取macro的value集合。 拉取动作有自己的key，在zabbix_agentd上配置这个key对应的command，command收集macro的value集合，生成json返回给zabbix server。 zabbix server解析json，保存macro的value集合。</li>
<li>在Discovery中创建的Item prototypes可以使用macro，创建带参数的key值，根据macro的value集合自动创建的item集合。</li>
<li>Discovery会检查macro的value的增减，新增就创建item，减少了就等n时间后删除item。</li>
<li>可以创建多个Item prototypes</li>
<li>macro的value集合json利用vproc lld功能生成</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id23">
<h2>4.8. 监控docker<a class="headerlink" href="#id23" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>已有开源项目https://github.com/monitoringartist/Zabbix-Docker-Monitoring</p>
<p>平台端运行zabbix_agentd定制版docker，离线包中已添加zabbix_docker/dockbix-agent-xxl-limited_3.4-3.images</p>
<p>dockerrun_zabbix.sh中有运行命令</p>
<p>zabbix web增加Zabbix-Template-App-Docker.xml模板。创建主机，关联此模板</p>
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